Characteristics and classification of organic compounds class. Nov 22, 2019 a homologous series is a series of compounds with the same general formula, usually varying by a single parameter such as the length of a carbon chain. This document is highly rated by jee students and has been viewed 3634 times. Homologous series homologous series characteristics. A series of a organic compound each containing a characteristic functional group and the successive members differ by from each other in molecular formula by ch2methylene group is called homologous series. Aug 20, 2018 what is the homologous series of hydrocarbons what do you mean by homologous series. Deletion, the loss of genetic material, and duplication, the. The organisation of organic compounds into the various different homologous series makes the study of organic chemistry more systematic, orderly and effective. Answer a homologous series is a series of carbon compounds that have different numbers of carbon atoms but contain the same functional group. Homologous series grade 11 science notes reference notes. Order in homologous seriesphotograph shows the first members of various homologous series. Each consecutive member differs from the next by one carbon atom and two hydrogen atoms ch 2 group.
Mar 20, 2019 characteristics of a homologous series. Define homologous series of organic compounds list its two. Homologous series in organic chemistry are groups of molecules that have the same basic structure, including the same functional group. Carbon chains of varying length have been observed in organic compounds having the same general formula. Homologous structures are discussed in evolutionary biology and refer to body parts in modern organisms that show evidence for descent with modification from a common ancestor. Oct 15, 2019 characteristics of a homologous series are. Homologous series is a series of compounds with similar chemical properties and same functional group differing from the successive member by ch 2. A homologous series is a series of compounds with the same functional group but have a different number of carbon atoms and hence hydrogen atoms also.
Homologous series of alkanes, alkenes and alkynes with examples. The members of a series have same functional group. The compounds of the homologous series have some characteristics they are as follows. May 03, 2020 the binary compounds of boron with hydrogen are called boron hydrides these hydrides of boron are called boranes. May 10, 2020 functional group and homologous series class 11 video edurev is made by best teachers of class 11. All the members can be represented by same general formula. The concept of homologous series was proposed in 1843 by the french chemist charles gerhardt. Each homology class is an equivalence class over cycles and two cycles in the same homology class are said to be homologous. A homologous series is a series of compounds in which each member differs from the nextprevious by ch 2 or 14 mass units. So, if the functional group doesnt change, why are homologous series interesting. Compounds within a homologous series typically have a fixed set of functional groups that gives them similar chemical and physical properties. An homologous series is a group of compounds with similar structural features that can be represented by a general formula whose members differ by one ch 2 unit. The homologous series has compound with the same general formula and functional group. A homologation reaction is a chemical process that converts.
Lahvanya raoov moved describe the general characteristics of an homologous series from to do. Two consecutive members of a homologous series differs each. The preparation method of the compounds present in the series remains the same. Translocation mutation between non homologous chromosomes is not to be confused with crossover between homologous chromosomes or regions of chromosomes. Lahvanya raoov moved describe the general characteristics of an homologous series lower. The functional group of alcohols is the hydroxyl group i.
The series in which the molecular formula of adjacent members differ by a ch 2 unit, is called homologous series and the individual members are called homologous. The members of a homologous series can be represented by same general formula. Homologous series chemistry, class 11, organic chemistry. A few carbon compounds also exhibit a similar pattern. Two consecutive members of a homologous series differs each other in their composition by ch 2 unit. In the field of organic chemistry, a homologous series is a sequence of compounds with the same functional group and similar chemical properties in which the members of the series can. Any 2 consecutive members differ in their formula by a commom difference of ch2. Homologous series and its characteristics with examples youtube. Homologous series and its characteristics with examples video lecture from basic principles and techniques. Describe the general characteristics of an homologous series. There is order in all homologous series with respect to the nomenclature, physical properties and chemical properties. Jan 25, 2020 a translocation mutation is a type of mutation in which a piece of one chromosome breaks off and is joined to another chromosome. All the organic compounds have been divided into different families or group depending upon their structure and chemical properties. The series which consists of similar structures and similar chemical properties in which the successive compounds differs by a ch 2 group is termed as homologous series.
Homologous series are referenced frequently in organic chemistry, where compounds can differ by the length of their carbon chain. The two characteristics of homologous series are as follows. Dec 15, 20 a homologous series is a series of carbon compounds that have different numbers of carbon atoms but contain the same functional group. Homologous series organic compounds are grouped into different homologous series. The two adjacent homologues have a difference of molecular mass of 14 u. All the members of a homologous series have a similar structural formula. The molecular formula of two consecutive members of homologous series of aldehydes are. The members of the homologous series consists of same general formula such as alkanes have general formula c n h.
Significance and properties of the homologous series gulpmatrix. Natures chemistry hydrocarbons and homologous series. They show a steady change in physical properties from one member to the next. The homology groups of x therefore measure how far the chain complex associated to x is from being exact. The physical properties of the members change gradually as the number of carbon atoms per molecule increases. This document is highly rated by class 11 students and has been viewed 5539 times. Characteristics of homologous series i it has a general formula in term of number of carbon atoms. The difference between two consecutive members in their composition is ch 2 unit. For example, the boiling points of the alkanes increase down the series, so that the first four members are gases at room temperature and standard pressure. You can think of an homologous series as a family or group of compounds, whose chemical behaviour is very similar and whose physical properties show trends when ascending the.
Present general information about the definition, characteristics and structure of homologous including additional information not found in the original video lesson include at least 2 facts not. Notes on functional group and homologous series grade 11. Boron hydrides chemistry, class 11, pblock elements. With one methodology all the compound of the series can be prepared. For example, methane, ethane, propane, butane, etc. Homologous series is defined as a systematic order of organic compounds having same functional group that can be represented by same general formula and prepared by same method. They differ in formula from one member to the next by one ch2 unit. Class 10 science chapter 4 important questions for 202021. However, if the members cannot be arranged in a linear order by a single parameter, the collection may be better called a chemical family or class of homologous compounds than a series. Jun 22, 2018 mathematical tables are super interesting.
Alkanes form a homologous series and so do alkenes. Homologous series and its characteristics with examples. They only differ in the number of methylene ch 2 groups. Homologous series and its characteristics with examples video lecture from basic principles and techniques in organic chemistry chapter of chemistry class 11. The functional group of aldehyde is aldehydic group i.
May 08, 2020 functional group, homologous series and nomenclature of organic compounds class 11 notes edurev is made by best teachers of jee. The compounds in a homologous series should have 1 similar chemical formulas 2 similar chemical properties 3 physical properties that show a gradual change or trend based on the differences in their formulas for example, you could look at boiling points of h2o, h2s, and h2se and then explain the difference with a discussion of intermolecular. Functional group and homologous series class 11 video edurev. Homologous series is a series of compounds with similar chemical properties and same functional group differing from the successive member by. The general characteristics of a homologous series are. Characteristics of homologous series all homologues of a series have the same general formula e. All the compounds of the series have same chemical properties and physical properties with a gradual variation. Sep 24, 2017 apr 28, 2020 characteristics and classification of organic compounds class 11 notes edurev is made by best teachers of class 11. A homologous series is a family of hydrocarbons with similar chemical properties who share the same general formula. Members of any particular family have almost identical chemical properties. In chemistry, a homologous series is a group of compounds that share the same basic chemical makeup, but differ in the number of iterations of a certain aspect of their structure. Functional group, homologous series and nomenclature of. Homologous series of alkanes, alkenes and alkynes with.
A homologous series is a group or family of organic compounds that has certain characteristics. Such organic compounds that vary from one another by a repeating unit and have the same. Start studying chemistry chapter 11 organic compounds. Choose from 352 different sets of homologous series flashcards on quizlet. Chemistry chapter 11organic compounds flashcards quizlet. Alkanes, alkenes, alcohols, carboxylic acids and esters belong to different homologous series.
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